October 24, 2024

How to Install Wine on Debian 12 Bookworm

If you find you cannot use sudo, or if you get error messages referring to a CDROM repository, see Enable sudo or Disable CDROM repositories.

Moving on …

Appendix: Enable sudo

This appendix explains how to install sudo and grant yourself sudo privileges. To do these, you must know the root password.

Open a terminal window and issue the following command.

$ sudo echo Hello

If, after accepting your password, Hello is displayed, sudo is installed and you are authorized to use sudo, so there is nothing to do. Otherwise, continue with the following.

Login as superuser.

$ su -l

If your attempt to use sudo failed with a "sudo not found" message, use the next two commands to install sudo, but skip them if sudo is already installed.

# apt update
# apt install sudo

With sudo installed, the following enables you to use sudo. Just replace your-user-name by your own user name.

# adduser your-user-name sudo

Log out of the root account and close the Terminal window.

# exit
$ exit

Close any open apps.

In order to activate sudo for your user name, Restart your Computer.

When logged in again, continue from here to verify sudo is installed and properly configured.

-------- Waiting for computer to restart --------

To verify you can now use sudo, open a Terminal session and issue the following command.

$ sudo echo Hello

The test is successful if, after requesting and receiving your password, Hello is displayed.

Appendix: Disable CDROM repositories

If you installed Debian from a disk or USB drive, your installation may have registered a CDROM drive as a repository, and, if the installation disk is not present in the CDROM drive, any attempt to update or upgrade Debian will fail with an error message referencing the CDROM repository. One way to fix this is to load the installation disk into the CDROM drive prior to update or upgrade.

If you do not have a disk (perhaps because you installed from a USB drive), or if you do not want the inconvenience of loading a disk, you can disable the CDROM repository, as described in this appendix.

• Locate and open Software & Updates.
• Click the Other Software tab.
• Remove any check mark from cdrom:... entries.
• Enter the appropriate password.
• Click the Close button.
• A window with the title "The information about available software is out-of-date" will open. Click the Reload button.
• Wait for the update to complete.

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